Use CSS Modules#

CSS Modules allows us to write CSS code in a modular way, and these styles can be imported and used in JavaScript files. Using CSS Modules can automatically generate unique class names, isolate styles between different modules, and avoid class name conflicts.

Modern.js supports CSS Modules by default, you don't need to add additional configuration. Our convention is to use the [name].module.css filename to enable CSS Modules.

The following style files are considered CSS Modules:

• *.module.scss
• *.module.less
• *.module.css

Example#

• Write style:

/* button.module.css */
.error {
  background: red;
}

• Using styles:

// Button.tsx
import React, { Component } from 'react';
// import style file
import styles from './button.module.css';

export default () => {
  return <button className={styles.error}>Error Button</button>;
};

Enable CSS Modules for all CSS files#

By default, only files ending in *.module.css are treated CSS Modules.

If you want to treat all CSS files in the source directory as CSS Modules, you can enable the output.disableCssModuleExtension config, for example:

export default {
  output: {
    disableCssModuleExtension: true,
  },
};

When set, the following two files are treated as CSS Modules:

import styles1 from './foo.module.css';
import styles2 from './bar.css';

Enable CSS Modules for the specified style file#

By default, only files ending in *.module.css are treated CSS Modules.

If you want to enable CSS Modules only for specified style files, you can configure output.cssModules, for example:

export default {
  output: {
    cssModules: {
      auto: resource => {
        return resource.includes('.module.') || resource.includes('shared/');
      },
    },
  },
};

Custom Class Names#

Customizing the class names generated by CSS Modules is also a commonly used function, you can use output.cssModuleLocalIdentName to configure it.

export default {
  output: {
    cssModuleLocalIdentName: '[hash:base64:4]',
  },
};

If you need to customize other configs of CSS Modules, you can set them via tools.cssLoader.

Add Type Declaration#

When you import CSS Modules in TypeScript code, TypeScript may prompt that the module is missing a type definition:

To fix this, you need to add a type declaration file for the CSS Modules, please create a src/global.d.ts file, and add the corresponding type declaration:

declare module '*.module.css' {
  const classes: { readonly [key: string]: string };
  export default classes;
}

declare module '*.module.scss' {
  const classes: { readonly [key: string]: string };
  export default classes;
}

declare module '*.module.sass' {
  const classes: { readonly [key: string]: string };
  export default classes;
}

declare module '*.module.less' {
  const classes: { readonly [key: string]: string };
  export default classes;
}

declare module '*.module.styl' {
  const classes: { readonly [key: string]: string };
  export default classes;
}

If you enabled the disableCssModuleExtension config, you also need to add the following types:

declare module '*.css' {
  const classes: { readonly [key: string]: string };
  export default classes;
}

declare module '*.scss' {
  const classes: { readonly [key: string]: string };
  export default classes;
}

declare module '*.sass' {
  const classes: { readonly [key: string]: string };
  export default classes;
}

declare module '*.less' {
  const classes: { readonly [key: string]: string };
  export default classes;
}

declare module '*.styl' {
  const classes: { readonly [key: string]: string };
  export default classes;
}

After adding the type declaration, if the type error still exists, you can try to restart the current IDE, or adjust the directory where global.d.ts is located, making sure the TypeScript can correctly identify the type definition.

Generate exact type definitions#

Although the above method can provide the type of CSS Modules, it cannot accurately prompt which classNames are exported by a certain CSS file.

Modern.js supports generating accurate type declarations for CSS Modules, you only need to enable the output.enableCssModuleTSDeclaration config, and then execute the build, Modern.js will generate type declaration files for all CSS Modules.

export default {
  output: {
    enableCssModuleTSDeclaration: true,
  },
};

Example#

For example, there are two files src/index.ts and src/index.module.scss under a certain folder:

import styles from './index.module.scss';

export default () => {
  <div>
    <div className={styles.pageHeader}>Page Header</div>
  </div>;
};

.page-header {
  color: black;
}

After executing the build, the src/index.module.scss.d.ts type declaration file will be automatically generated:

// This file is automatically generated.
// Please do not change this file!
interface CssExports {
  'page-header': string;
  pageHeader: string;
}
export const cssExports: CssExports;
export default cssExports;

Then open the src/index.ts file again, you will see that the styles object already has a exact type.

Related configuration#

In the above example, src/index.module.scss.d.ts is generated by compilation, you can choose to commit them to the Git repository, or you can choose to ignore them in the .gitignore file:

# Ignore auto generated CSS declarations
*.module.css.d.ts
*.module.sass.d.ts
*.module.scss.d.ts
*.module.less.d.ts
*.module.styl.d.ts

In addition, if the generated code causes ESLint to report errors, you can also add the above configuration to the .eslintignore file.